Marka la eego macnaha Epic Music, Apple SVP ee Naqshadeynta Jonathan Ive wuxuu ku soo koobay hordhaciisa Apple Watch ereyadan muuqaal ku yaal bogga Apple.
Fiidiyowyo taxane ah oo la sii daayay bishii Maarso ayaa lagu soo beegay soo bandhigida madaxa Apple Tim Cook ee Apple Watch, kaas oo ka hadlaya saacadda "isbeddelka ciyaarta" (sida ay u arkaan), laakiin dabcan waxaan xiiseyneynaa kuwa muujiya aluminium.iyo birta aan la taaban karin ee loo isticmaalo dhismaha qalabka.
316 Tilmaamaha Tubbooyinka Isku-duuban ee Bir-la'aanta ah
HANTIDA JIDHKA AH
Awoodda wax-soo-saarka: ≥40,000 psi
Xoogga xajinta: ≥70,000 psi
Adayga ugu badan: 200HV
QAABKA Kiimikada -%
Kaarboon ≤0.030
Manganese ≤2.00
Fosfooraska ≤0.045
Baaruud ≤0.030
Silikoon ≤0.75
Chromium 16.0-18.0
Nikkel 10.0-14.0
Molybdenum 2.00-3.00
Culayska Jirka Tube:
Wax-soo-saarka & Xasilloonida Ugu Yar ayaa lagu xisaabiyay darbiga cayiman.
Cadaadiska Baaritaanka Hydrostatic:
Dhammaan xadhkaha tuubooyinka duuban ee la dhammaystiray waa inay noqdaan cadaadis hydrostatic ah oo la tijaabiyey ka hor inta aan la dhoofin. Cadaadiska tijaabada hydrostatic waa inuu ka yaraada 90% xoogga dhalidda dillaaca aragtida ama 17,500 psi ama 120700 kpa (haddii aan si gaar ah loogu heshiin iibsadaha iyo soo saaraha).
Wax-soo-saarka Gudaha: Cadaadiska Gudaha
sababa wax-soo-saarka iyadoo la isticmaalayo Wax-soosaarka ugu Yar
Xoogga iyo Dhumucda Darbiga ugu Yar.
Cadaadiska ugu badan ee shaqada waa shaqo xaalad tuubo ah waxaana go'aamiya isticmaaluhu.
Qiimaha Torque la xisaabiyay iyadoo la adeegsanayo dhumucda gidaarka ugu yar iyo xoogga wax soo saarka ugu yar.
Cabbirka kale / dhumucda derbiga ayaa la heli karaa haddii la codsado.
Xogta sare waxaa loogu talagalay tuubooyin cusub oo leh awoodaha ugu yar ee la cayimay.
Shaxda ka kooban kiimikaad ee alaabta birta ah
A312 | UNS | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Ni | Mo | Ti | Nb | N |
TP304 | S30400 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-11.0 | ||||
TP304L | S30403 | 0.035 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-13.0 | ||||
TP304H | S30409 | 0.04-0.10 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-11.0 | ||||
TP304N | S30451 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-18.0 | 0.10-0.16 | |||
TP304LN | S30453 | 0.035 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-12.0 | 0.10-0.16 | |||
TP309S | S30908 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 22.0-24.0 | 12.0-15.0 | 0.75 | |||
TP309H | S30909 | 0.04-0.10 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 22.0-24.0 | 12.0-15.0 | ||||
TP309Cb | S30940 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 22.0-24.0 | 12.0-16.0 | 0.75 | 10xC min | ||
1.10 max | ||||||||||||
TP309HCb | S30941 | 0.04-0.10 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 22.0-24.0 | 12.0-16.0 | 0.75 | 10xC min | ||
1.10 max | ||||||||||||
TP310S | S3108 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 24.0-26.0 | 19.0-22.0 | 0.75 | |||
TP310H | S3109 | 0.04-0.10 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 24.0-26.0 | 19.0-22.0 | ||||
TP310Cb | S31040 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 24.0-26.0 | 19.0-22.0 | 0.75 | 10xC min | ||
1.10 max | ||||||||||||
TP310HCb | S31041 | 0.04-0.10 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 24.0-26.0 | 19.0-22.0 | 0.75 | 10xC min | ||
1.10 max | ||||||||||||
TP316 | S3160 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.0-18.0 | 11.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 | |||
TP316L | S31603 | 0.035 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.0-18.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 | |||
TP316H | S31609 | 0.04-0.10 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.0-18.0 | 11.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 | |||
TP316Ti | S31635 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 0.75 | 16.0-18.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 | 5x | 0.1 | |
(CN) | ||||||||||||
-0.7 | ||||||||||||
TP316N | S31651 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.0-18.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 | 0.10-0.16 | ||
TP316LN | S31653 | 0.035 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.0-18.0 | 11.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 | 0.10-0.16 | ||
TP317 | S3170 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0-20.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 3.0-4.0 | |||
TP317L | S31703 | 0.035 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0-20.0 | 11.0-15.0 | 3.0-4.0 | |||
TP321 | S3210 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-12.0 | 0.1 | |||
TP321H | S32109 | 0.04-0.10 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-12.0 | 0.1 | |||
TP347 | S3470 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-13.0 | ||||
TP347H | S34709 | 0.04-0.10 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-13.0 | ||||
TP347LN | S34751 | 0.05-0.02 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-13.0 | 0.20- | 0.06-0.10 | ||
50 | ||||||||||||
TP348 | S3480 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-13.0 | ||||
TP348H | S34809 | 0.04-0.10 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-13.0 |
Ma aha oo kaliya inay adag tahay oo dhalaalaya, waa mid aad u waara - sida Arnold Schwarzenegger oo kale maalmihii saladhka bamka birta.
Haddaba sidee buu 316L uga duwan yahay birta 316 taxane caadiga ah?Toosan 316 waa isku darka austenitic ee chromium iyo nikkel leh molybdenum, waayo iska caabinta daxalka 316L waxay leedahay kaarboon hoose oo hoose, kaas oo ka caawiya birta inay sii ahaato mid adkaysi u leh alxanka ka dib.(Farqiga ugu weyn ee u dhexeeya 316 iyo 304 waa in 316 ay si fiican u xakameyso heerkulka kuleylka.)
Nooca 316L waa nooca kaarboonka aadka u hooseeya ee Nooca 316 kaas oo yareeya qiiqa karbidhida waxyeelada leh inta lagu jiro alxanka.(Xusuusin tifaftiraha: 316 farsamo ahaan ka kooban ugu badnaan 0.08% kaarboon, halka 316L uu leeyahay ugu badnaan 0.03%).
Codsiyada caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah manifolds qiiqa, qaybaha foornada, kulaylka beddelayaasha, qaybaha mishiinka jetka, qalabka dawooyinka iyo sawirada, valve iyo bamka gudaha, qalabka kiimikada, dheef-shiidka, taangiyada kaydinta, uumiga, saxarka, qalabka waraaqaha iyo dharka, qaybaha iyo dhuumaha daboolay jawiga badda.
Nooca 316L ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa dhismaha alxanka ah halkaas oo ay ka difaacdo roobabka carbide ee alxanka, taasoo bixisa iska caabin heersare ah.
Sida Ive ku sheegay muuqaalka, qorshayaasha gabowga ee Apple way sii adkaadeen - ama ugu yaraan alaabtii alaabteedii ugu dambaysay ayaa sii adkaatay.
Apple waxay qaadataa 316L bir ah, ka dibna waxay ku dhejinaysaa "taxane isku dhafan iyo mashiinno" si ay kiisku u sii xoogaystaan, oo ay ugu makiinayan habka foornada qabow.wasakhda ugu yar iyo adkaanta dammaanad qaaday.Foornooyinka ayaa markaa lagu shiiday "mashiinka wax-shiidka ee kanaalka badan ee 12-ka ah", kaas oo hubinaya "midnimada saxda ah ee jirka oo dhan".Kadibna si xirfadaysan ayaa loo "sifay in muraayad lagu dhammeeyo".
Siddooyinka suunka Milanese waxaa lagu tolaa siddooyin khafiif ah oo bir ah si ay u sameeyaan "mesh dareere ah" oo u eg dharka, iyo jijinku wuxuu ka kooban yahay qiyaastii 140 qaybood oo gaar ah.
Midkoodna ma caawinayo marka aad ku waydo tagsiga ama lagaa xado, laakiin hubaal waxay ku dadaalaysaa inay caddeyso qiimaha saldhigga ah $ 549!
Sida laga soo xigtay khabiirkayaga birta aan lahayn ee guriga dhexdiisa Kathy Benchin Olsen, dhididku waa milix, sidaas awgeed waxa macno leh in la isticmaalo birta aan nadiifka ahayn ee chloride-ka."Ninkayga Jeff (ma ahan khabiir birta-daawaha ah) wuxuu leeyahay birta aan-waranka lahayn ee Apple Watch waxay ka ilaalin doontaa xitaa kuwa dhididka badan," ayay tiri.Sababta kale ee loo isticmaalo 316L waxay noqon kartaa in ay si fiican uga hortagto qashinka haddii ay leedahay ketchup ama suugo kale.
Warshadu waxa ay dhab ahaantii soo saartaa 316/316L, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in uu yahay laba shahaado, sida uu sheegay Olsen;Si kale haddii loo dhigo, 316L waa 316 shahaado sababtoo ah sidoo kale waa 316 waafaqsan.
MetalMiner IndX℠ waxay leedahay 316/316L iyo kharashyo dheeri ah oo la xidhiidha in ka badan 25 dhibcood oo ay ku jiraan:
Alaab-qeybiyeyaasha Apple ayaa laga yaabaa inay eegeen IndX℠, keydka xogta adduunka ugu weyn ee kharashyada birta-la'aanta ah…ma haysaa?
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