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Daraasaddan, hab ayaa loo sameeyay go'aaminta isku mar ee phenols kacsan, cyanides, surfactants anionic iyo nitrogen ammonia ee biyaha la cabbo iyadoo la adeegsanayo falanqeeye socodka.Shaybooyinka waxaa marka hore lagu diiray 145 ° C.phenol-ka ku jira distillate-ka ayaa markaa ka falcelinaya ferricyanide aasaasiga ah iyo 4-aminoantipyrine si ay u sameeyaan isku dhafan casaan, kaas oo lagu cabbiro midab ahaan 505 nm.Cyanide-ka ku jira distillate-ka ayaa markaa la falgala chloramine T si uu u sameeyo cyanochloride, ka dibna wuxuu sameeyaa isku dhafan buluug ah oo leh pyridinecarboxylic acid, kaas oo lagu cabbiro midab ahaan 630 nm.Surfactants Anionic waxay la falgalaan methylene buluuga aasaasiga ah si ay u sameeyaan iskudhis laga soo saaray chloroform oo lagu maydhay buluug methylene acidic si meesha looga saaro walxaha soo dhexgala.Iskudhisyada buluuga ah ee chloroform ayaa lagu go'aamiyay midab ahaan 660 nm.Jawi alkaline ah oo leh mowjad dhererkeedu yahay 660 nm, ammonia waxay la falgashaa salicylate iyo koloriin ku jirta dichloroisocyanuric acid si ay u samayso buluug indophenol at 37 °C.Xaddiga tirada badan ee phenols-ka kacsan iyo cyanide ee u dhexeeya 2-100 µg/l, jaangooyooyinka caadiga ah waxay ahaayeen 0.75-6.10% iyo 0.36-5.41%, siday u kala horreeyaan, iyo heerarka soo kabashada waxay ahaayeen 96.2-103.6% iyo 96.0-102. .%.Isku xidhka toosan ee isku xidhka ≥ 0.9999, xadka ogaanshaha 1.2 µg/L iyo 0.9 µg/L.Isbeddellada caadiga ah waxay ahaayeen 0.27-4.86% iyo 0.33-5.39%, soo kabashaduna waxay ahaayeen 93.7-107.0% iyo 94.4-101.7%.Marka la eego uruurinta ballaaran ee surfactants anionic iyo nitrogen ammonia 10 ~ 1000 μg / l.Isku-xirnaanta tooska ah waxay ahaayeen 0.9995 iyo 0.9999, xadka ogaanshaha waxay ahaayeen 10.7 µg/l iyo 7.3 μg/l, siday u kala horreeyaan.Ma jirin kala duwanaansho xisaabeed marka la barbar dhigo habka heerka qaranka.Habkani wuxuu badbaadiyaa waqti iyo dadaal, wuxuu leeyahay xaddidaad ogaansho hoose, saxnaanta sare iyo saxnaanta, wasakhowga yar, wuxuuna aad ugu habboon yahay falanqaynta iyo go'aaminta muunadaha mugga weyn.
phenols kacsan, cyanides, anionic surfactants iyo ammonium nitrogen1 waa calamadaha organoleptic, jirka iyo birtaloid-ka ee ku jira biyaha la cabbo.Xeryahooda phenolic waa blocks kiimiko dhismo aasaasi ah codsiyo badan, laakiin phenol iyo homologues sidoo kale waa sun oo ay adag tahay in biodegrade.Waxay soo baxaan inta lagu jiro habab badan oo warshado waxayna noqdeen wasakh deegaan caadi ah2,3.Walxaha sunta ah ee aadka u sunta ah ayaa lagu nuugi karaa jirka iyada oo loo marayo maqaarka iyo xubnaha neefsashada.Inta badan waxay lumiyaan suntooda inta lagu jiro habka sun-saarista ka dib markay galaan jidhka bini'aadamka, ka dibna waxay ku soo baxaan kaadida.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka awoodda sun-saarista caadiga ah ee jirku ay dhaafto, qaybaha xad-dhaafka ah waxay ku ururi karaan xubno kala duwan iyo unugyo, taasoo keenta sumowga joogtada ah, madax-xanuun, finan, cuncun maqaarka, welwelka maskaxda, dhiig-yaraan, iyo calaamado kala duwan oo neerfaha 4, 5, 6,7.Cyanide waa mid aad u dhib badan, laakiin dabeecadda ku baahsan.Cunto iyo dhir badan ayaa ka kooban cyanide, taas oo ay soo saari karaan bakteeriyada qaarkood, fungi ama algae8,9.Alaabooyinka lagu luqluqdo sida shaambooyinka iyo maydhista jidhka, surfactants anionic ayaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa si ay u fududeeyaan nadiifinta sababtoo ah waxay ku siinayaan alaabtan tayo sare leh iyo tayada xumbo ee ay macaamiishu rabaan.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, surfactants badan ayaa ka xanaajin kara maqaarka10,11.Biyaha la cabbo, biyaha dhulka hoostiisa, biyaha dusha sare iyo biyaha wasakhda ah waxay ka kooban yihiin nitrogen qaab ammonia lacag la'aan ah (NH3) iyo ammonium cusbada (NH4+), oo loo yaqaan nitrogen ammoniacal (NH3-N).Badeecooyinka kala dunsan ee walxaha dabiiciga ah ee nitrogen-ka ku jira ee ku jira wasakhda guriga ee ay ku nool yihiin microorganisms waxay inta badan ka yimaadaan biyaha wasakhda ah ee warshadaha sida coking iyo ammonia synthetic, taas oo qayb ka ah nitrogen ammoniacal ee biyaha12,13,14.Habab badan, oo ay ku jiraan spectrophotometry15,16,17, chromatography18,19,20,21 iyo duritaanka socodka15,22,23,24 ayaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu cabbiro afartan wasakh ee biyaha.Marka la barbardhigo hababka kale, spectrophotometry ayaa ugu caansan1.Daraasadani waxay adeegsatay afar qaybood oo laba-kanaal ah si ay isku mar u qiimeeyaan phenols, cyanides, surfactants anionic, iyo sulfides.
Falanqeeye qulqulka joogtada ah ee AA500 (SEAL, Jarmalka), dheelitirka elektiroonigga ah ee SL252 (Warshada Qalabka Elektarooniga ah ee Shanghai Mingqiao, Shiinaha), iyo mitirka biyaha ultrapure ee Milli-Q (Merck Millipore, USA) ayaa la isticmaalay.Dhammaan kiimikooyinka loo adeegsaday shaqadan waxay ahaayeen heer gorfayn, iyo biyo deionized ah ayaa loo isticmaalay dhammaan tijaabooyinka.Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid, chloroform, ethanol, sodium tetraborate, isonicotinic acid iyo 4-aminoantipyrine ayaa laga soo iibsaday Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shiinaha).Triton X-100, sodium hydroxide iyo potassium chloride ayaa laga soo iibiyay Tianjin Damao Kiimikada Reagent Factory (Shiinaha).Potassium ferricyanide, sodium nitroprusside, sodium salicylate iyo N, N-dimethylformamide waxaa bixiyay Tianjin Tianli Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shiinaha).Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, pyrazolone iyo methylene blue trihydrate ayaa laga soo iibsaday Tianjin Kemiou Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shiinaha).Trisodium citrate dihydrate, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether iyo sodium dichloroisocyanurate ayaa laga soo iibsaday Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shiinaha).Xalalka caadiga ah ee phenols, cyanides, surfactants anionic, iyo nitrogen ammonia aqueous ayaa laga soo iibsaday Machadka Cilmi-baarista ee Shiinaha.
Distillation Reagent: Ku qas 160 ml oo ah fosfooraska ilaa 1000 ml oo biyo ah.Kaydka kaydka ah: Miisaam 9 g oo boric acid ah, 5 g oo sodium hydroxide ah iyo 10 g oo ah chloride potassium oo ku milo 1000 ml biyo la fuuqsaday.Nuugista Reagent (oo toddobaadle ah): Si sax ah u cabbir 200 ml kaydka kaydka ah, ku dar 1 ml 50% Triton X-100 (v/v, Triton X-100/ethanol) oo isticmaal ka dib sifaynta 0.45 µm xuubka shaandhada.Potassium ferricyanide (oo la cusboonaysiiyay toddobaad kasta): Miisaanka 0.15 g oo potassium ferricyanide ah oo ku milan 200 ml oo kayd kayd ah, ku dar 1 ml 50% Triton X-100, sifee 0.45 µm xuubka shaandhada ka hor intaan la isticmaalin.4-Aminoantipyrine (oo la cusboonaysiiyay toddobaad kasta): Miisaam 0.2 g oo ah 4-aminoantipyrine oo ku milmi 200 ml oo kayd kayd ah, ku dar 1 ml oo ah 50% Triton X-100, shaandheeya 0.45 µm xuubka shaandhada.
Reagent for distillation: phenol kacsan.Xalka bakhaar: Ku miisaam 3 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 g disodium hydrogen phosphate iyo 3 g trisodium citrate dihydrate oo ku mil 1000 ml biyo fuuqsamay.Kadib ku dar 2 ml oo ah 50% Triton X-100.Chloramine T: Miisaanka 0.2 g ee chloramine T oo ku mil ilaa 200 ml biyo deionized ah.Chromogenic reagent: Chromogenic reagent A: Si buuxda u milmi 1.5 g of pyrazolone gudaha 20 ml ee N, N-dimethylformamide.Soo-saare B: Ku mil 3.5 g of hisonicotinic acid iyo 6 ml oo 5 M NaOH ah 100 ml oo biyo la fuuqsaday.Isku qas Horumariyaha A iyo Soo-saare B ka hor inta aan la isticmaalin, ku hagaaji pH ilaa 7.0 oo leh xal NaOH ama xal HCl, ka dibna ku milo 200 ml biyo fuuqsan oo shaandhayso isticmaalka dambe.
Xalka bakhaar: Ku mil 10 g sodium tetraborate iyo 2 g sodium hydroxide ee biyaha la miiray oo ku mil 1000 ml.0.025% methylene xal buluug: Milaan 0.05 g oo ah methylene blue trihydrate biyaha deionized oo ka kooban ilaa 200 ml.kaydka kaydka buluuga ah ee Methylene (oo maalin kasta la cusboonaysiiyo): ku qas 20 ml 0.025% methylene xal buluug ah ilaa 100 ml oo leh kayd kayd ah.Ku wareeji maaska kala soocida, ku maydh 20 ml oo chloroform ah, iska tuur chloroform-ka la isticmaalay oo ku maydh chloroform cusub ilaa midabka cas ee lakabka chloroform uu meesha ka baxayo (badanaa 3 jeer), ka dibna sifee.Methylene Buluuga Aasaasiga ah: Ku qas 60 ml oo la sifeeyay methylene xal stock buluug ah 200 ml oo xal stock, ku dar 20 ml ethanol, si fiican isku qas iyo degas.Acid methylene buluug: Ku dar 2 ml oo ah 0.025% methylene xal buluug ah qiyaastii 150 ml oo biyo ah oo la miiray, ku dar 1.0 ml 1% H2SO4 ka dibna ku milo 200 ml oo leh biyo deionized ah.Ka dibna ku dar 80 ml oo ethanol ah, si fiican u walaaq oo degsooyin.
20% polyoxyethylene lauryl ether xal: Miisaam 20 g oo ah eter polyoxyethylene lauryl oo ku milo 1000 ml oo leh biyo deionized ah.Buffer: Miisaam 20 g oo trisodium citrate ah, ku qas 500 ml oo biyo ah oo la shubay oo ku dar 1.0 ml oo ah 20% polyoxyethylene lauryl ether.Xalka sodium salicylate (oo la cusboonaysiiyo toddobaad kasta): Miisaan 20 g oo sodium salicylate ah iyo 0.5 g oo ah potassium ferricyanide nitrite oo ku mil 500 ml oo biyo ah.Xalka Sodium dichloroisocyanurate (oo todobaadle la cusboonaysiiyo): Miisaan 10 g oo sodium hydroxide ah iyo 1.5 g oo sodium dichloroisocyanurate ah oo ku milan 500 ml oo biyo la fuuqsaday.
Heerarka phenol ee kacsan iyo cyanide loo diyaariyey sidii xalalka 0 µg/l, 2 µg/l, 5 µg/l, 10 µg/l, 25 µg/l, 50 µg/l, 75 µg/l iyo 100 µg/l, iyadoo la isticmaalayo 0.01 M sodium hydroxide xal.Anionic surfactant iyo heerka nitrogen ammonia waxaa lagu diyaariyey iyadoo la isticmaalayo biyo deionized 0 µg/L, 10 µg/L, 50 µg/L, 100 µg/L, 250 µg/L, 500 µg/L, 750 µg/L, 750 µg/L iyo 1000 mc .xal.
Bilow haanta wareegga qaboojinta, ka dib (sida ay u kala horreeyaan) u shid kombiyuutarka, sambalka iyo awoodda AA500 martida loo yahay, hubi in tuubooyinka ay si sax ah ugu xiran yihiin, geli tuubada hawada galka hawada, xir saxanka cadaadiska ee bamka peristaltic, tuubooyinka reagent dhexda geli biyo nadiif ah.Samee software-ka, dhaqaaji daaqadda kanaalka u dhigma oo hubi haddii tuubooyinka isku xidha ay si ammaan ah isugu xidhan yihiin iyo haddii ay jiraan wax dalool ah ama diiqadda hawada ah.Haddii aysan jirin wax daadasho ah, hami reagent ku habboon.Ka dib markii saldhigga daaqadda kanaalka uu noqdo mid xasiloon, dooro oo socodsii faylka habka la cayimay si loo helo iyo falanqaynta.Xaaladaha qalabka ayaa lagu muujiyay shaxda 1.
Habkan otomaatiga ah ee go'aaminta phenol iyo cyanide, muunado ayaa marka hore lagu nadiifiyaa 145 °C.phenol-ka ku jira distillate-ka ayaa markaa ka falcelinaya ferricyanide aasaasiga ah iyo 4-aminoantipyrine si ay u sameeyaan isku dhafan casaan, kaas oo lagu cabbiro midab ahaan 505 nm.Cyanide-ka ku jira distillate-ka ayaa markaa la falgala chloramine T si uu u sameeyo cyanochloride, kaas oo sameeya isku-dhafan buluug ah oo leh pyridinecarboxylic acid, kaas oo lagu cabbiro midab ahaan 630 nm.Surfactants Anionic waxay ku falceliyaan methylene buluuga ah si ay u sameeyaan isku dhisyo lagu soo saaray chloroform oo ay kala soocaan qaybiyaha wajiga.Marxaladda chloroform-ka ayaa markaa lagu maydhay aashitada methylene buluugga ah si meesha looga saaro walxaha dhexgalaya oo haddana la kala soocay wejiga labaad.Go'aaminta midabka midabka buluuga ah ee ku jira chloroform at 660 nm.Iyada oo ku saleysan falcelinta Berthelot, ammonia waxay la falgashaa salicylate iyo chlorine ee dichloroisocyanuric acid ee dhexdhexaadka alkaline ah 37 ° C si ay u sameyso buluug indophenol.Sodium nitroprusside waxaa loo adeegsaday kicinta falcelinta, midabka ka dhashayna waxaa lagu qiyaasay 660 nm.Mabda'a habkan ayaa lagu muujiyay sawirka 1.
Jaantuska jaantuska habka muunad joogto ah ee go'aaminta phenols-ka kacsan, cyanides, surfactants anionic iyo nitrogen ammoniacal.
Isku-duubnaanta phenols-ka kacsan iyo cyanides waxay u dhaxaysay 2 ilaa 100 µg/l, isku xidhka tooska ah ee 1.000, isla'egta regression y = (3.888331E + 005) x + (9.938599E + 003).Isku-xidhka isku-xidhka ee cyanide waa 1.000 isla'egta dib-u-celinta waa y = (3.551656E + 005) x + (9.951319E + 003).Surfactant Anionic wuxuu leeyahay ku tiirsanaan toosan oo wanaagsan oo ku saabsan fiirsashada nitrogen ammonia inta u dhaxaysa 10-1000 µg/L.Isku-xidhka isku xidhka ee surfactants anionic iyo nitrogen ammonia waxay ahaayeen 0.9995 iyo 0.9999, siday u kala horreeyaan.Isla'egyada dib u noqoshada: y = (2.181170E + 004) x + (1.144847E + 004) iyo y = (2.375085E + 004) x + (9.631056E + 003), siday u kala horreeyaan.Muunadda xakamaynta ayaa si joogto ah loo cabbiray 11 jeer, xadka ogaanshaha habka waxaa loo qaybiyay 3 weecsanaan caadi ah oo muunadda kantaroolka ah ee jiirada qalooca caadiga ah.Xadka ogaanshaha ee phenols kacsan, cyanides, surfactants anionic, iyo nitrogen ammonia waxay ahaayeen 1.2 µg/l, 0.9 µg/l, 10.7 µg/l, iyo 7.3 µg/l, siday u kala horreeyaan.Xadka ogaanshaha wuu ka hooseeyaa habka caadiga ah ee qaranka, eeg Shaxda 2 wixii faahfaahin ah.
Ku dar xalal heer sare ah, dhexdhexaad ah, iyo mid hoose oo muunado biyo ah oo bilaash ah raadadka falanqaynta.Soo kabashada iyo saxnaanta gudaha iyo maalinta dhexdeeda ayaa la xisaabiyay ka dib todoba cabbir oo isku xigta.Sida ku cad Jadwalka 3, soo saarista phenol-ka gudaha iyo gudaha maalintiiba waxay ahaayeen 98.0-103.6% iyo 96.2-102.0%, siday u kala horreeyaan, oo leh jaangooyooyin heersare ah oo ah 0.75-2.80% iyo 1. 27-6.10%.Soo kabashada cyanide ee gudaha iyo maalintii dhexdii waxay ahayd 101.0-102.0% iyo 96.0-102.4%, siday u kala horreeyaan, iyo weecasho heerka qaraabo ah waxay ahayd 0.36-2.26% iyo 2.36-5.41%, siday u kala horreeyaan.Intaa waxaa dheer, soo saarista gudaha iyo maalintii dhexda ee surfactants anionic waxay ahaayeen 94.3-107.0% iyo 93.7-101.6%, siday u kala horreeyaan, oo leh jaangooyooyin heersare ah oo ah 0.27-0.96% iyo 4.44-4.86%.Ugu dambeyntii, soo kabashada nitrogen ee gudaha-iyo-maalin-dhexe ee ammonia nitrogen waxay ahayd 98.0-101.7% iyo 94.4-97.8%, siday u kala horreeyaan, iyada oo jaangooyooyin heersare ah oo ah 0.33-3.13% iyo 4.45-5.39%, siday u kala horreeyaan.sida ku cad shaxda 3.
Tiro hab oo tijaabo ah, oo ay ku jiraan spectrophotometry15,16,17 iyo chromatography25,26, ayaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu cabbiro afarta wasakh ee biyaha.Kiimikada spectrophotometry waa hab cusub oo cilmi baaris ah oo lagu ogaanayo wasakhahaas, taas oo looga baahan yahay halbeegyada qaranka 27, 28, 29, 30, 31. Waxay u baahan tahay tillaabooyin sida nadiifinta iyo soo saarista, taasoo keentay geeddi-socod dheer oo aan ku filnayn dareenka iyo saxnaanta.Wanaagsan, saxnaanta xun.Isticmaalka baahsan ee kiimikooyinka dabiiciga ah waxay khatar caafimaad u keeni karaan tijaabiyaasha.Inkasta oo chromatography uu yahay mid degdeg ah, fudud, hufan, oo leh xaddidaad ogaansho hooseeya, isku mar ma ogaan karto afar qaybood oo isku mid ah.Si kastaba ha noqotee, xaaladaha firfircoon ee aan dheellitirka lahayn ayaa loo isticmaalaa falanqaynta kiimikada iyadoo la adeegsanayo spectrophotometry socodka joogtada ah, taas oo ku salaysan socodka joogtada ah ee gaaska ee dhexda qulqulka saamiga muunada, ku daraya reagents ee saamiga iyo isku xigxiga ku habboon iyadoo la buuxinayo falcelinta iyada oo loo marayo wareegga isku dhafka ah. oo lagu ogaanayo spectrophotometer, oo hore looga saaray goobooyin hawo.Sababtoo ah habka sahaminta waa otomaatig, shaybaarada waa la nadiifiyaa oo laga soo saaraa online jawi xiran.Habka ayaa si weyn u wanaajinaya hufnaanta shaqada, sii yaraynaysaa waqtiga ogaanshaha, fududaynta hawlaha, yaraynaysaa wasakhowga reagent, kordhiyaa dareenka iyo xadka ogaanshaha habka.
Surfactant-ka anionic iyo nitrogen ammonia ayaa lagu daray badeecada tijaabinta isku darka ah ee 250 µg/L.Isticmaal walaxda caadiga ah si aad ugu beddesho phenol-ka kacsan iyo cyanide-ka walaxda tijaabada marka la uruurinayo 10 µg/L.Falanqaynta iyo ogaanshaha, habka caadiga ah ee qaranka iyo habkan ayaa la isticmaalay (6 tijaabo isbarbar socda).Natiijooyinka labada hab ayaa la barbardhigay iyadoo la isticmaalayo t-tijaabo madax-bannaan.Sida ku cad shaxda 4, ma jirin farqi weyn oo u dhexeeya labada hab (P> 0.05).
Daraasadani waxay adeegsatay falanqeeye socodka joogtada ah ee falanqaynta isku mar ah iyo ogaanshaha phenols kacsan, cyanides, surfactants anionic iyo nitrogen ammonia.Natiijooyinka imtixaanku waxay muujinayaan in mugga muunada uu isticmaalo falanqeeyaha socodka joogtada ahi uu ka hooseeyo habka heerka qaranka.Waxa kale oo ay leedahay xaddidaado ogaansho hoose, waxay isticmaashaa 80% reagents ka yar, waxay u baahan tahay waqti habayn yar oo muunado shaqsi ah, waxayna isticmaashaa chloroform-ka kansarka oo aad u yar.Habaynta onlaynku waa mid isku xidhan oo si toos ahSocodka joogtada ah wuxuu si toos ah u raadiyaa reagents iyo muunado, ka dibna isku daraa wareegga isku dhafka, si toos ah u kululeeyaa, soosaaraa oo xisaabiyaa midabaynta.Habka tijaabada ah waxaa lagu fuliyaa nidaam xiran, kaas oo dedejiya wakhtiga falanqaynta, yareeya wasakhowga deegaanka, oo caawiya hubinta badbaadada tijaabiyaasha.Tallaabooyinka qallafsan ee qalliinka sida ka saarista gacanta iyo soo saarista looma baahna22,32.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tuubooyinka qalabka iyo qalabyada ayaa ah kuwo aad u adag, natiijooyinka baaritaanka waxaa saameeya arrimo badan oo si fudud u keeni kara xasillooni darro nidaamka.Waxaa jira dhowr tillaabo oo muhiim ah oo aad qaadi karto si aad u wanaajiso saxnaanta natiijooyinkaaga oo aad uga hortagto faragelinta tijaabadaada.(1) Qiimaha pH ee xalka waa in la tixgeliyaa marka la go'aaminayo phenols iyo cyanides kacsan.pH waa in ay ahaataa ku dhawaad 2 ka hor inta aysan galin gariiradda distillation.Marka pH> 3, amines caraf udgoon ayaa sidoo kale laga saari karaa, iyo falcelinta 4-aminoantipyrine keeni kartaa khaladaad.Sidoo kale pH> 2.5, soo kabashada K3[Fe(CN)6] waxay ka yaraan doontaa 90%.Muunado leh milix ka badan 10 g/l waxay xidhi kartaa gariiradda distillation waxayna sababi kartaa dhibaatooyin.Xaaladdan oo kale, waa in lagu daraa biyo cusub si loo yareeyo milixda ku jirta muunada33.(2) Qodobada soo socdaa waxay saamayn karaan aqoonsiga surfactants anionic: Kiimikada cationic waxay samayn kartaa lammaane xoog leh oo leh surfactants anionic.Natiijooyinka waxa kale oo laga yaabaa inay eexsan yihiin joogitaanka: humic acid uruurinta ka weyn 20 mg / l;xeryahooda dhaqdhaqaaqa dusha sare leh (tusaale surfactants kale)> 50 mg/l;walxaha leh awoodda yaraynta xooggan (SO32-, S2O32- iyo OCl-);maaddooyinka samaysa unugyo midab leh, oo ku milma chloroform leh reagent kasta;qaar ka mid ah anions aan organic (chloride, bromide iyo nitrate) ee biyaha wasakhda ah34,35.(3) Marka la xisaabinayo nitrogen ammonia, amines miisaan yar oo kelli ah waa in la tixgeliyaa, maadaama falcelintooda ammonia ay la mid yihiin, natiijaduna waxay noqon doontaa mid sare.Faragelinta ayaa dhici karta haddii pH ee isku dhafka falcelinta ay ka hooseyso 12.6 ka dib marka dhammaan xalalka reagent lagu daro.Tijaabooyin aysiidh aad u sarreeya iyo shay-baaro ah ayaa u muuqda inay tan keenaan.Iions bir ah oo soo da'aya sida hydroxides oo aad u sarreeya waxay sidoo kale horseedi karaan dib-u-soo-celin xumo36,37.
Natiijooyinku waxay muujiyeen in habka falanqaynta socodka joogtada ah ee go'aaminta isku mar ah ee phenols kacsan, cyanides, surfactants anionic iyo ammonia nitrogen ee biyaha la cabbo ay leeyihiin khad wanaagsan, xaddidaad ogaansho hooseeya, saxsanaan wanaagsan iyo soo kabasho.Ma jiro farqi weyn oo u dhexeeya habka halbeegga qaranka.Habkani wuxuu bixiyaa hab degdeg ah, xasaasi ah, sax ah oo si sahlan loo isticmaali karo oo loogu talagalay falanqaynta iyo go'aaminta tiro badan oo muunado biyo ah.Waxay si gaar ah ugu habboon tahay in la ogaado afar qaybood isku mar, iyo waxtarka ogaanshaha si weyn ayaa loo hagaajiyaa.
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